New Zealand radiata pine: a versatile resource

A long-lasting, versatile wood for industrial, structural, and aesthetic uses

新西兰辐射松：一种用途广泛的资源

稳定耐用，适用于工业、结构和美学应用的木材

可持续的、合法采购的材料不一定需要牺牲它的美学性、强度和使用性。新西兰辐射松用途广泛，是完美的结构和美学用材。

Research and development spanning 100 years has led to New Zealand radiata pine being a sustainable and healthy resource that is consistently available in a range of grades from premium lumber to industrial wood.

经过100年的研究和开发，新西兰辐射松已成为了一种可持续的、健康的资源，从全清级别到工业级别，各种级别一应俱全，供应稳定。

Yielding a higher percentage of sap wood compared to that grown in other countries, New Zealand radiata pine delivers a medium density, stronger product, which makes it very versatile. Plus, it’s easily kiln-dried or chemically treated to produce stable and long-lasting products.

与生长在其他国家的辐射松相比，新西兰辐射松的边材产出比例更高，用其制作的产品密度适中、强度更好，因而其应用领域十分广泛。此外，它也容易干燥和防腐处理，可以用来生产稳定耐用的产品。

Smart silviculture produces consistent timber

智能育林产出稳定一致的木材

New Zealand radiata pine plantations are managed to produce predictable, premium-quality timber for a range of wood markets. This consistency is possible because New Zealand’s growing conditions are excellent, and its forestry management techniques are among the world’s best.

新西兰辐射松人工林致力于为不同的木材市场生产可预测的优质木材。能够做到这一点，是因为这里具有优异的生长条件和世界领先的森林管理技术。

More than half of New Zealand’s pine plantation forests are pruned three times in their first 10 years, resulting in highly prized clear wood. Trees are first pruned between 5-6 metres, then two more times before they reach 8 metres — always leaving 3-4 metres of the crown so the tree continues to photosynthesise properly. Such a high level of nurturing silviculture limits the knotty core to a small zone surrounding the pith of the tree and results in clear wood.

在新西兰，一半以上的松木人工林在最初十年树龄内会进行三次修枝，从而可以产出非常珍贵的无节原木。在树高5-6米时进行第一次修枝，然后长到8米之前再修枝两次—— 每次修枝总是会留下3-4米高的树冠，这样树木可以继续进行正常的光合作用。如此高水平的培育技术可以将结疤限制在髓芯附近很小的范围内以产出无节材。

Versatile grading for various applications

适于不同用途的分级

New Zealand radiata pine is a light-colored, medium-density softwood with a moderately even texture that produces sawn lumber with excellent working properties.

新西兰辐射松是一种色泽较浅、密度中等、纹理均匀的针叶树种，具有极佳的加工性能。

The wood’s even texture and moderate 415 kg/m3 density delivers impressive results from all types of hand and machine tools. Plus, its even density within growth rings works extremely well with glues and in finger joints. 

新西兰辐射松的均匀纹理和中等密度（415kg/m3）使其具有很好的手工和机械加工性能。此外，辐射松生长年轮内密度均匀分布使得它具有优异的胶合性能。

In a Scion (New Zealand Crown Research Institute) comparison of machining and mechanical properties of New Zealand pine with those of 13 similar North American species, New Zealand pine outperformed other timber with an overall score of 70% against an average score of 59%. 

在Scion(新西兰皇家研究所)对新西兰松机械加工性能进行的一项比较中，新西兰松以70%的总评分超过了其他13个类似的北美树种59%的平均得分。

New Zealand radiata pine also finishes easily in natural or enhanced colours.

新西兰辐射松也很容易着色 – 无论是自然本色或更深的颜色。

Through extensive silviculture management and high-precision sawmilling, New Zealand radiata pine logs come in a range of qualities capable of yielding timber grades that meet most requirements — whether they’re structural, industrial, or aesthetic. 

通过系统的营林管理和高精度的制材加工，新西兰辐射松不同等级的原木可以产出不同等级的锯材以适用于不同的用途 -- 无论是结构用材、工业用材还是美学用材。

·        Appearance grades外观级

Appearance grade pine is either knot-free or contains minor blemishes and tight knots. Knot-free (cutting grade) timber is commonly used for high-quality joinery, mouldings, doors, window frames and internal stairs and furniture. Whereas knottier timber (cutting grade) is reprocessed to produce clear lengths that are often finger-joined and edge-glued to produce mouldings and furniture.

外观级的松木锯材包括全清材或含有微小瑕疵和活结。全清(切割级)锯材通常用于高质量的细木工、木线、木门、窗框、室内楼梯和家具的生产。而带结锯材 (切割级)通过加工成无结指接拼板用于生产木线和家具产品。

·        Structural grades 结构级

Structural grades are primarily used for construction where strength and stiffness are important. In particular, the size and location of knots can dictate the timber’s strength, which must be limited to meet specified strength requirements.

结构级锯材主要适用于对强度和刚度有要求的建筑。特别是，结疤的大小和位置对木材的强度有很大的影响，必须对其有所限定以符合特定的强度要求。

New Zealand radiata pine lumber grades limit such defects to meet specified strength requirements. Finger jointing is often used to remove knotty defects and produce structural lumber of improved strength compared with knotty lumber. 

新西兰辐射松锯材等级限制各种缺陷以获得符合特定的强度要求。带结疤的锯材可以通过指接去除结疤缺陷从而可以生产出强度更高的结构用材。

·        Industrial grades工业级

Industrial grades are the primary wood used for temporary construction, packaging, shoring, heavy industrial cartage, and concrete formwork. Industrial grades contain varying knot sizes compatible with final use.

工业级主要用于临时建筑、包装业、支撑柱、重工业货运和混凝土模板。工业级锯材根据不同的用途允许不同大小的结疤。

·        Custom-cutting 定制加工

As well as standard sizes, some New Zealand suppliers also provide cut-to-dimension timber, which reduces waste. This directly impacts outgoing costs by paying only for the timber you need — reducing associated labour costs such as workers processing wood to match the required size.  

除标准尺寸外，一些新西兰供应商还可以供应按客户需求定制尺寸的锯材，以减少浪费。这使得客户只需要支付生产所需规格的锯材成本，同时也减少了由于规格不合适进行再加工而带来的劳动力成本。

Kiln-dried for longevity

窑干处理以提高木材使用寿命

The performance of any wood species used to manufacture high-quality products is greatly influenced by its moisture content. It must be properly dried or it will shrink and distort.

任何用于制造高质量产品的木材树种，其性能在很大程度上会受含水率的影响。所以锯材必须进行适当的烘干，否则会收缩和变形。

Sawn New Zealand radiata dries easily and can be kiln-dried rapidly from green and readily treated with preservative to achieve the desired durability level. In fact, kiln drying is the only satisfactory method to produce reliable lumber within four months of tree felling.

新西兰辐射松锯材易于干燥，湿材窑干所需时间不长，便于进行防腐处理，以达到所需的耐久度。事实上，对于用四个月内采伐的原木加工的锯材，窑干是能使其保持性能稳定唯一令人满意的方法。

Kiln drying also has a significant advantage over other methods because once the wood is dry, it prevents sap stain and other fungal attacks.

和其他处理方式相比，窑干还有一个显著的优势，即一旦木材经过干燥，它能阻止边材蓝变和其他真菌的侵害。

Freshly cut sapwood is particularly vulnerable to attack because the high moisture content (60-200%) and available supply of simple nutrients provide ideal conditions for fungal growth. However, if lumber is kiln dried and properly stored and handled to prevent re-wetting, it will last indefinitely with minimal risk of a fungal attack.

新鲜原木加工的锯材边材部分特别容易受到真菌的侵害，因为它的高含水率(60-200%)和基本养分为真菌的生长提供了理想的条件。然而，如果锯材经过烘干窑干燥并妥善储存，没有再变湿，那么它再受到真菌侵害的风险会变得很小。

A versatile wood for all applications

一种用途广泛的木材

Radiata pine is plentiful and readily available in New Zealand, and is offered in a range of grades and custom-cut lengths to suit any application. Whether for an industrial, structural, or aesthetic application, there’s a versatile, consistent, and sustainable supply of New Zealand radiata pine for years to come. 

新西兰的辐射松资源丰富、现成可用，并供应不同的等级和定制尺寸，适用于不同用途。无论是工业用材，结构用材，还是美学用材，新西兰辐射松都将在未来数年里保持多用途、可持续稳定的供应。

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